Everything You Need to Know about Chicago Style Citations

 Chicago style is often used by history and social sciences researchers to structure their references. It comes in two varieties – notes and bibliography and author-date.

Scholars working in the humanities widely use the notes and bibliography system. Each source is cited in numbered footnotes and listed in a separate bibliography. In contrast, the researchers in the science and social sciences domain commonly use the author-date system.

Here, brief citations are written parentheses with the author's last name and publication year and complete references in the Chicago style bibliography section.

 

Notes and Bibliography: Various Sources with Examples

 

Ø Book

Notes: Jordan Smith, Spring Time (New York: Penguin Press, 2017), 325–16.

complete references.Shortened notes: Smith, Spring Time, 325.

Bibliography entries: Smith, Jordan. Spring Time. New York: Penguin Press, 2017.

Ø E-book

For e-books, add an URL or the name of the database. In case there is no page number, you can cite a title/chapter or omit.

Notes: Giyani B. Keith and Ralph Lobo, eds., The Citation Guide (Chicago: University Press, 1989), chap. 11, doc. 29, http://press-pubs.uchicago.org/citation/ 

Shortened notes: Keith and Lobo, The Citation Guide, chap. 11, doc. 1989.

Bibliography entries: Keith, Giyani B., and Ralph Lobo, eds. The Citation Guide. Chicago: University Press, 1989. http://press-pubs.uchicago.org/citation/

Ø Journal article

In a note, cite particular page numbers. In the bibliography, add the page range for the entire article.

Notes: Solomon Seinfeld, “Children and Psychology,” Classical Philology 11, no. 4 (April 2018): 180

Shortened notes: Seinfeld, “Children,” 170–80.

Bibliography entries: Seinfeld, Solomon. “Children and Psychology.” Classical Philology 11, no. 4 (April 2018): 170–80.

 

Ø News or magazine article

For citing print sources - newspaper, magazines, blogs, and the like add page numbers in a note but omit it from a bibliography. You can add a URL for an online article.

Notes: Willow Feynman, “Advancement of technology through the camera lenses,” City Times, March 9, 2015, https://www.citytimes.com/2015/03/09/technology/advancement-of-technology-through-the-camera-lenses.html 

Shortened notes: Feynman, “Advancement.”

Bibliography entries: Feynman, Willow “Advancement of technology through the camera lenses,” City Times, March 9, 2015, https://www.citytimes.com/2015/03/09/technology/advancement-of-technology-through-the-camera-lenses.html

 

Author-Date: Various Sources with Examples

The following examples illustrate the author-date system. A corresponding in-text citation accompanies each instance of a reference list entry.

Ø Book

Reference list entries: Taylor, Brian, and Charles Bonsai. 2017. A Curious Child. New York: Simon & Simon.

In-text citations: (Taylor and Bonsai 2017, 18)

Ø E-book

Include an URL or the name of the database in the reference list entry. If there's no page number, cite the title/chapter.

Reference list entries: Austen, Jane. 2008. Pride and Prejudice. London: Penguin Classics. Kindle.

In-text citations: (Austen 2008, chap. 5)

 

Ø Journal article

In the reference list, include the page range for the whole article. In the text, cite specific page numbers. For reports consulted online, include a URL or the name of the database in the reference list entry.

Reference list entries: Ming, Shao-Hsun, Lee Lin, and Peter F. William, 2017. "Higher Education in Asia, 1990–2017: Effects on Education Quality and Income Inequality.” Journal of Education and Career 9, no. 3 (Spring): 1–35. https://doi.org/10.1006/68835

In-text citations: (Ming, Lin, and William 2017, 1-35)

Ø News or magazine article

Add page numbers in the text but omit it from the reference list. You can also add an URL for online articles.

Reference list entries: Stevenson, Rob. 2008. “Apple’s products are Sleek, Smart and Simple.” Daily Post, July 5, 2008. http://www.vox.com/culture/2008/7/5/15255084/peeps-apple 

In-text citation: (Stevenson 2007)

After you are through with your citations, make sure to check them carefully for some accidental mistake. Why wait? Start practicing!

Summary: Learning how to cite in Chicago style will be no longer challenging if you nail the basics. If you are struggling with the basics, you may find this article useful.

How to Cite Different Sources as Per the Chicago Citation Norms?

Chicago referencing style is used in the form of “author-date” format. However, it has been observed that most students struggle to cite the sources, and they use Chicago style citation maker online. But, if you take a close look, the Chicago citation is not that difficult to follow. Here, you will get to see the citation of some of the most widely used sources.

Book

If you wish to cite a book, you have to follow the format below

Last name of the author, First name of the author. Title of the Book. Publisher City: Name of the Publisher, Publishing Year

For instance: Morgan, Neill. Handling Corporate Stress the Smart Way. New York: Scholastic, 2017

However, if you face an issue, do take the help of the Chicago citation generator. When the grades of the assignments are at stake, it is wise if you use authentic sources to generate the citations.

Journal

If you want to cite a journal, you have to abide by the following template

The surname of the author, First name of the author. “Title of the article”. Name of the Journal Volume number (Year Published): Page Numbers

For instance: Adams, Danielle. “The Rise in the Progressive Metal Music” Music Today 152 (2018): 56-78

 Website

If you intend to cite a website, follow the structure below

The surname of the author, First name of the author. “Title of the Page” Title of the Website. Web Address (retrieved Date Accessed)

For instance, Mikaela, Ryan “Spiritual Awakening: What Happens During this Time?” SpiritualWayofLife.com http://www.spiritualwayoflife/index.html (accessed April 1, 2018)

If you find it to be challenging, it is essential that you take the help of the online Chicago citation generator. Moreover, it is a wise decision if you choose a tool that is also an in-text citation maker. It will help you generate the citations that are required in the text.  

Newspaper

If you wish to cite a newspaper, you have to follow the format mentioned below.

The surname of the author, First name of the author, "Title of the article". Newspaper Title. Month, Date, Publication Year, Accessed Month, Date URL

For instance, Lee, Herman “The Decline in the Global Economy” The Daily Press, March 12, 2019. Accessed February 15, 2020, http://www.thedailypress//cxqute_r=123 

If you have gone through the blog thoroughly, you will be able to cite your sources easily. However, if the issues persist, you should take the help of the Chicago style citation maker tool.